Manta ray foraging optimization algorithm‐based load frequency control for hybrid modern power systems

The regulation of the frequency and line power flow in interconnected networks is considered to be a key aspect load control (LFC). This article broaches modern network composed three areas including traditional generation units taking into account non-linearities, also renewable energy sources (RESs) storage (ES) are involved grid paradigm. Two forms RESs included analysis, which photovoltaic (PV) wind plants. In addition, study framework involves types ES units, batteries plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), flywheel system (FESS) capacitive (CESS). this LFC accomplished by use proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers loops. A recent optimization algorithm called Manta Ray Foraging (MRFO) employed obtain optimal gain configuration controllers. Real site measurements imported aiming examine proposed scheme under realistic conditions. Compared with other rival algorithms, effectiveness MRFO-based PID controller validated. Simulation results confirm efficacy scheme. findings ensure role optimizing time-domain responses. main contributions paper applying new metaheuristic solve problem introducing criteria for judging performance compliance harmonic spectrum responses domain. simulation retrieved through MATLAB model.